{"id":248,"date":"2023-08-08T07:44:20","date_gmt":"2023-08-08T07:44:20","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/projects-dev.itforchange.net\/online-violence-gender-and-law-guide\/?page_id=248"},"modified":"2023-11-02T12:05:52","modified_gmt":"2023-11-02T06:35:52","slug":"module-2-typologies-of-online-gender-based-offenses-in-law","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/projects.itforchange.net\/online-violence-gender-and-law-guide\/module-2-typologies-of-online-gender-based-offenses-in-law\/","title":{"rendered":"Module 2 &#8211; Typologies of Online Gender-Based Offenses in Law"},"content":{"rendered":"<div id=\"pl-248\"  class=\"panel-layout\" ><div id=\"pg-248-0\"  class=\"panel-grid panel-has-style\" ><div id=\"module-breadcrumbs\" class=\"panel-row-style panel-row-style-for-248-0\" ><div id=\"pgc-248-0-0\"  class=\"panel-grid-cell\" ><div id=\"panel-248-0-0-0\" class=\"so-panel widget widget_bcn_widget widget_breadcrumb_navxt panel-first-child panel-last-child\" data-index=\"0\"><div class=\"panel-widget-style panel-widget-style-for-248-0-0-0\"><div class=\"breadcrumbs\" vocab=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/\" typeof=\"BreadcrumbList\">Navigate:<span property=\"itemListElement\" typeof=\"ListItem\"><a property=\"item\" typeof=\"WebPage\" title=\"Go to Online Gender-based Violence Judicial Resource Guide.\" href=\"https:\/\/projects.itforchange.net\/online-violence-gender-and-law-guide\" class=\"home\" aria-current=\"page\"><span property=\"name\">Online Gender-based Violence Judicial Resource Guide<\/span><\/a><meta property=\"position\" content=\"1\"><\/span><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><div id=\"pg-248-1\"  class=\"panel-grid panel-has-style\" ><div id=\"module-heading\" class=\"panel-row-style panel-row-style-for-248-1\" ><div id=\"pgc-248-1-0\"  class=\"panel-grid-cell\" ><div id=\"panel-248-1-0-0\" class=\"so-panel widget widget_sow-headline panel-first-child panel-last-child\" data-index=\"1\" ><div\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\tclass=\"so-widget-sow-headline so-widget-sow-headline-default-e7dc33984cd9-248 so-widget-fittext-wrapper\"\n\t\t\t data-fit-text-compressor=\"0.85\"\n\t\t><div class=\"sow-headline-container \">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h1 class=\"sow-headline\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\tTypologies of Online Gender-Based Offenses in Law\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/h1>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p class=\"sow-sub-headline\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\tThis module will explain the different forms of online gender-based violence (OGBV) that women face. The objective is to identify the criminal offenses that each of these forms of violence constitutes under Indian law, examine how courts have adjudicated such cases in the past, and how courts can adopt a gender-sensitive approach to the application and interpretation of the law in such cases. Further, this module also takes a look at how other jurisdictions have dealt with each form of OGBV. \t\t\t\t\t\t<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><div id=\"pgc-248-1-1\"  class=\"panel-grid-cell\" ><\/div><\/div><\/div><div id=\"pg-248-2\"  class=\"panel-grid panel-has-style\" ><div id=\"module-content\" class=\"panel-row-style panel-row-style-for-248-2\" ><div id=\"pgc-248-2-0\"  class=\"panel-grid-cell panel-grid-cell-mobile-last\" ><div id=\"panel-248-2-0-0\" class=\"so-panel widget widget_nav_menu panel-first-child panel-last-child\" data-index=\"3\" ><h3 class=\"widget-title\">Module Sections:<\/h3><div class=\"menu-module-2-container\"><ul id=\"menu-module-2\" class=\"menu\"><li id=\"menu-item-461\" class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-461\"><a href=\"https:\/\/projects.itforchange.net\/online-violence-gender-and-law-guide\/module-2-typologies-of-online-gender-based-offenses-in-law\/2-1-non-consensual-intimate-image-distribution\/\">2.1 Non-Consensual Intimate Image Distribution<\/a><\/li>\n<li id=\"menu-item-462\" class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-462\"><a href=\"https:\/\/projects.itforchange.net\/online-violence-gender-and-law-guide\/module-2-typologies-of-online-gender-based-offenses-in-law\/2-2-morphing-deepfakes\/\">2.2 Morphing\/Deepfakes<\/a><\/li>\n<li id=\"menu-item-463\" class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-463\"><a href=\"https:\/\/projects.itforchange.net\/online-violence-gender-and-law-guide\/module-2-typologies-of-online-gender-based-offenses-in-law\/2-3-digital-voyeurism\/\">2.3 Digital Voyeurism<\/a><\/li>\n<li id=\"menu-item-464\" class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-464\"><a href=\"https:\/\/projects.itforchange.net\/online-violence-gender-and-law-guide\/module-2-typologies-of-online-gender-based-offenses-in-law\/2-4-online-sexual-harassment\/\">2.4 Online Sexual Harassment<\/a><\/li>\n<li id=\"menu-item-465\" class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-465\"><a href=\"https:\/\/projects.itforchange.net\/online-violence-gender-and-law-guide\/module-2-typologies-of-online-gender-based-offenses-in-law\/2-5-gender-trolling\/\">2.5 Gender Trolling<\/a><\/li>\n<li id=\"menu-item-466\" class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-466\"><a href=\"https:\/\/projects.itforchange.net\/online-violence-gender-and-law-guide\/module-2-typologies-of-online-gender-based-offenses-in-law\/2-6-gender-based-hate-speech\/\">2.6. Gender-Based Hate Speech<\/a><\/li>\n<li id=\"menu-item-467\" class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-467\"><a href=\"https:\/\/projects.itforchange.net\/online-violence-gender-and-law-guide\/module-2-typologies-of-online-gender-based-offenses-in-law\/2-7-cyberstalking\/\">2.7 Cyberstalking<\/a><\/li>\n<li id=\"menu-item-468\" class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-468\"><a href=\"https:\/\/projects.itforchange.net\/online-violence-gender-and-law-guide\/module-2-typologies-of-online-gender-based-offenses-in-law\/2-8-doxxing\/\">2.8 Doxxing<\/a><\/li>\n<li id=\"menu-item-469\" class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-469\"><a href=\"https:\/\/projects.itforchange.net\/online-violence-gender-and-law-guide\/module-2-typologies-of-online-gender-based-offenses-in-law\/2-9-online-intimidation-and-threats\/\">2.9 Online Intimidation and Threats<\/a><\/li>\n<li id=\"menu-item-470\" class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-470\"><a href=\"https:\/\/projects.itforchange.net\/online-violence-gender-and-law-guide\/module-2-typologies-of-online-gender-based-offenses-in-law\/2-10-impersonation\/\">2.10 Impersonation<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul><\/div><\/div><\/div><div id=\"pgc-248-2-1\"  class=\"panel-grid-cell panel-grid-cell-empty\" ><\/div><\/div><\/div><div id=\"pg-248-3\"  class=\"panel-grid panel-has-style\" ><div class=\"panel-row-style panel-row-style-for-248-3\" ><div id=\"pgc-248-3-0\"  class=\"panel-grid-cell\" ><div id=\"panel-248-3-0-0\" class=\"so-panel widget widget_siteorigin-panels-builder panel-first-child panel-last-child\" data-index=\"4\" ><div id=\"pl-w64e1e3ac48581\"  class=\"panel-layout\" ><div id=\"pg-w64e1e3ac48581-0\"  class=\"panel-grid panel-no-style\" ><div id=\"pgc-w64e1e3ac48581-0-0\"  class=\"panel-grid-cell\" ><div id=\"panel-w64e1e3ac48581-0-0-0\" class=\"so-panel widget widget_sow-editor panel-first-child\" data-index=\"0\" ><div class=\"panel-widget-style panel-widget-style-for-w64e1e3ac48581-0-0-0\" ><div\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\tclass=\"so-widget-sow-editor so-widget-sow-editor-base\"\n\t\t\t\n\t\t>\n<div class=\"siteorigin-widget-tinymce textwidget\">\n\t<p><strong>PREVIOUS MODULE<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><div id=\"panel-w64e1e3ac48581-0-0-1\" class=\"so-panel widget widget_siteorigin-panels-builder panel-last-child\" data-index=\"1\" ><div class=\"module-footer-nav panel-widget-style panel-widget-style-for-w64e1e3ac48581-0-0-1\" ><div id=\"pl-w64e1e3ac4858f\"  class=\"panel-layout\" ><div id=\"pg-w64e1e3ac4858f-0\"  class=\"panel-grid panel-no-style\" ><div id=\"pgc-w64e1e3ac4858f-0-0\"  class=\"panel-grid-cell\" ><div id=\"panel-w64e1e3ac4858f-0-0-0\" class=\"so-panel widget widget_sow-editor panel-first-child\" data-index=\"0\" ><div class=\"panel-widget-style panel-widget-style-for-w64e1e3ac4858f-0-0-0\" ><div\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\tclass=\"so-widget-sow-editor so-widget-sow-editor-base\"\n\t\t\t\n\t\t>\n<div class=\"siteorigin-widget-tinymce textwidget\">\n\t<p><span class=\"module-title module-title-red\" style=\"padding: 10px 25px;\">1<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><div id=\"panel-w64e1e3ac4858f-0-0-1\" class=\"so-panel widget widget_sow-editor panel-last-child\" data-index=\"1\" ><div class=\"panel-widget-style panel-widget-style-for-w64e1e3ac4858f-0-0-1\" ><div\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\tclass=\"so-widget-sow-editor so-widget-sow-editor-base\"\n\t\t\t\n\t\t>\n<div class=\"siteorigin-widget-tinymce textwidget\">\n\t<p><span class=\"module-title module-title-red\" style=\"padding: 8px 18px;\">1<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><div id=\"pgc-w64e1e3ac4858f-0-1\"  class=\"panel-grid-cell\" ><div id=\"panel-w64e1e3ac4858f-0-1-0\" class=\"so-panel widget widget_sow-headline panel-first-child panel-last-child\" data-index=\"2\" ><div\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\tclass=\"so-widget-sow-headline so-widget-sow-headline-default-852507278c70\"\n\t\t\t\n\t\t><div class=\"sow-headline-container \">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"sow-headline\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/projects.itforchange.net\/online-violence-gender-and-law-guide\/1-case-studies\/\" >\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tCase Studies<\/a>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/h2>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><a href=\"\/online-violence-gender-and-law-guide\/1-case-studies\/\" class=\"so-premium-link-overlay\">&nbsp;<\/a><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><div id=\"pgc-248-3-1\"  class=\"panel-grid-cell\" ><div id=\"panel-248-3-1-0\" class=\"so-panel widget widget_siteorigin-panels-builder panel-first-child panel-last-child\" data-index=\"5\" ><div id=\"pl-w64e2140078373\"  class=\"panel-layout\" ><div id=\"pg-w64e2140078373-0\"  class=\"panel-grid panel-no-style\" ><div id=\"pgc-w64e2140078373-0-0\"  class=\"panel-grid-cell\" ><div id=\"panel-w64e2140078373-0-0-0\" class=\"so-panel widget widget_sow-editor panel-first-child\" data-index=\"0\" ><div class=\"panel-widget-style panel-widget-style-for-w64e2140078373-0-0-0\" ><div\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\tclass=\"so-widget-sow-editor so-widget-sow-editor-base\"\n\t\t\t\n\t\t>\n<div class=\"siteorigin-widget-tinymce textwidget\">\n\t<p><strong>NEXT MODULE<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><div id=\"panel-w64e2140078373-0-0-1\" class=\"so-panel widget widget_siteorigin-panels-builder panel-last-child\" data-index=\"1\" ><div class=\"module-footer-nav panel-widget-style panel-widget-style-for-w64e2140078373-0-0-1\" ><div id=\"pl-w64e214007837f\"  class=\"panel-layout\" ><div id=\"pg-w64e214007837f-0\"  class=\"panel-grid panel-no-style\" ><div id=\"pgc-w64e214007837f-0-0\"  class=\"panel-grid-cell\" ><div id=\"panel-w64e214007837f-0-0-0\" class=\"so-panel widget widget_sow-editor panel-first-child panel-last-child\" data-index=\"0\" ><div class=\"panel-widget-style panel-widget-style-for-w64e214007837f-0-0-0\" ><div\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\tclass=\"so-widget-sow-editor so-widget-sow-editor-base\"\n\t\t\t\n\t\t>\n<div class=\"siteorigin-widget-tinymce textwidget\">\n\t<p><span class=\"module-title module-title-orange\">3<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><div id=\"pgc-w64e214007837f-0-1\"  class=\"panel-grid-cell\" ><div id=\"panel-w64e214007837f-0-1-0\" class=\"so-panel widget widget_sow-headline panel-first-child panel-last-child\" data-index=\"1\" ><div\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\tclass=\"so-widget-sow-headline so-widget-sow-headline-default-852507278c70\"\n\t\t\t\n\t\t><div class=\"sow-headline-container \">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"sow-headline\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/projects.itforchange.net\/online-violence-gender-and-law-guide\/module-3-access-to-justice\/\" >\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tAccess to Justice<\/a>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/h2>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><a href=\"\/online-violence-gender-and-law-guide\/module-3-access-to-justice\/\" class=\"so-premium-link-overlay\">&nbsp;<\/a><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Navigate:Online Gender-based Violence Judicial Resource Guide Typologies of Online Gender-Based Offenses in Law This module will explain the different forms of online gender-based violence (OGBV) that women face. The objective is to identify the criminal offenses that each of these forms of violence constitutes under Indian law, examine how courts have adjudicated such cases in [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":4,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"footnotes":""},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/projects.itforchange.net\/online-violence-gender-and-law-guide\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/248"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/projects.itforchange.net\/online-violence-gender-and-law-guide\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/projects.itforchange.net\/online-violence-gender-and-law-guide\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/projects.itforchange.net\/online-violence-gender-and-law-guide\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/4"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/projects.itforchange.net\/online-violence-gender-and-law-guide\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=248"}],"version-history":[{"count":11,"href":"https:\/\/projects.itforchange.net\/online-violence-gender-and-law-guide\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/248\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":2057,"href":"https:\/\/projects.itforchange.net\/online-violence-gender-and-law-guide\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/248\/revisions\/2057"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/projects.itforchange.net\/online-violence-gender-and-law-guide\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=248"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}